TRAIN SMARTER
NOT HARDER

Every movement with step-by-step instructions, the muscles it works, common mistakes and form tips — free, no account needed.

Browse by Muscle Group
Browse by Training Style
Browse by Equipment
0 Exercises
Clear
4 Corners Curtsy
HomeAbs › 4 Corners Curtsy

4 Corners Curtsy

Abs Bodyweight Cardio Calisthenics
Difficulty: Beginner Equipment: Bodyweight Primary: Calisthenics-Cardio-Functional Secondary: Full Body

Overview

If you are building out abs training, the 4 Corners Curtsy is a beginner-level option that uses bodyweight. Mechanically, the target muscles contribute to the movement — the reason this exercise carries over to overall performance in this pattern. It sits in the calisthenics category, so the emphasis falls on movement quality and repeatable output. Note the 'Corners Curtsy' component of the name: it specifies how this variation differs from otherwise similar abs movements. Support comes from the full body; the full body in particular help contribute to the movement, which is why fatigue there often shows up before the abs is fully worked. Training this with bodyweight needs no equipment at all and can be done virtually anywhere, though it is harder to load progressively once you outgrow it. Most lifters place the 4 Corners Curtsy in the early portion of a abs session. The pattern is accessible enough to learn in a single session, which makes it a sound entry point before progressing to heavier or more complex variations.

Muscles Worked

The 4 Corners Curtsy is primarily a calisthenics-cardio-functional exercise, but it is never only the calisthenics-cardio-functional doing the work.

Calisthenics-Cardio-Functional
75%
Full Body
42%
  • Calisthenics-Cardio-Functional (primary) — These fibres contribute to the movement, and they carry the majority of the load in this movement.
  • Full Body (secondary) — Assists by helping to contribute to the movement, contributing to overall performance in this pattern.

Benefits of the 4 Corners Curtsy

  • Builds strength in the abs through a cardio pattern, which carries over directly to sustaining rhythmic effort over time.
  • Strengthens trunk bracing, which protects the spine during heavy compound lifts.
  • Reinforces the the working muscles plus your cardiovascular system as a coordinated unit rather than as isolated parts.
  • Uses bodyweight, which needs no equipment at all and can be done virtually anywhere.

How to Perform the 4 Corners Curtsy

  1. 1
    Set your starting position and brace your core before the first rep.
  2. 2
    Move into position and brace so the abs is holding the load, not your joints.
  3. 3
    Hold the position while breathing steadily, keeping your alignment exact.
  4. 4
    A good 4 Corners Curtsy rep looks identical to the one before it; when it doesn't, the set is done.
  5. 5
    End the set when your position starts to break rather than at a fixed time.
  6. 6
    Progress by slowing the tempo or changing leverage rather than adding reps forever.
Your Goal General Fitness
Sets
2–3
Reps
10–15
Rest
60s

Breathing Technique

The general rule for the 4 Corners Curtsy is simple: establish a steady breathing rhythm matched to your cadence. Keep the breath flowing continuously — there is no need to hold pressure in this pattern. Consistent breathing is what keeps your brace intact from the first rep to the last.

Tips for Proper Form

  • Keep the range of motion consistent across every rep so you can compare sessions honestly.
  • Settle into a repeatable rhythm you can hold for the full interval.
  • Set your position before the first rep rather than correcting it mid-set.
  • Control the lowering phase — most of the abs stimulus comes from resisting the weight, not lifting it.
  • Quality beats duration. Thirty honest seconds with the abs braced beats two minutes of sagging.
  • A useful check on the 4 Corners Curtsy: if you can't pause for a full second at the hardest point of the rep, the difficulty is beyond what the abs can currently control.
  • Progress by changing leverage or tempo rather than adding reps forever — a slower rep loads the abs more than ten fast ones.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

  • Holding your breath for the whole duration.
    Do this insteadBreathe steadily throughout; you'll hold position noticeably longer.
  • Copying someone else's 4 Corners Curtsy setup without adjusting for your own build.
    Do this insteadLimb lengths change what a good position looks like; adjust until you feel it in the abs.
  • Adding reps indefinitely instead of increasing difficulty.
    Do this insteadChange leverage or slow the tempo to keep overloading the abs.

Variations by Experience Level

Beginner

Reduce the load and perform the 4 Corners Curtsy for higher repetitions, focusing entirely on position rather than weight. Treat the 4 Corners Curtsy as skill practice at this stage — the abs adapts plenty from clean reps.

Intermediate

Increase total working sets before increasing load — volume drives most of the adaptation at this stage. Hold your 4 Corners Curtsy load for two sessions before increasing it.

Advanced

Work closer to genuine failure on the final set, keeping one or two reps in reserve on the rest. Use the 4 Corners Curtsy as your accessory once your main abs lift is done for the day.

Safety Considerations

  • Warm up with lighter sets of the 4 Corners Curtsy before your first working set.
  • Stop the set when technique degrades — a 4 Corners Curtsy rep that no longer looks like your first one is not building anything.
  • The most common way the 4 Corners Curtsy goes wrong is starting far too hard and losing form as fatigue accumulates.

Who Should Avoid This Exercise

The 4 Corners Curtsy suits most healthy trainees, but it is not appropriate for everyone.

  • Anyone recently post-abdominal surgery, or in later stages of pregnancy, without professional guidance.
  • Anyone experiencing sharp, localised or radiating pain during the movement — that is a signal to stop, not to push through.
  • Anyone managing an Achilles or ankle injury, until pain-free walking is restored.

This is general educational information, not medical advice. If you are managing an injury or medical condition, check with a qualified professional before adding this exercise to your programme.

Frequently Asked Questions

What muscles does the 4 Corners Curtsy work?

It primarily trains the calisthenics-cardio-functional, with the full body assisting. The pattern is classified as cardio, so the the working muscles plus your cardiovascular system share the workload.

Is the 4 Corners Curtsy suitable for beginners?

Yes. It is rated beginner-level, and the pattern can usually be learned in a single session with light resistance.

How many sets and reps should I do?

A practical starting point is 3 sets of 6-8, resting 2-3 min between sets, roughly 2x per week. Adjust from there based on how you recover.

What equipment do I need for the 4 Corners Curtsy?

You need bodyweight. This needs no equipment at all and can be done virtually anywhere, though it is harder to load progressively once you outgrow it.

How do I breathe during the 4 Corners Curtsy?

As a general rule, establish a steady breathing rhythm matched to your cadence. Avoid holding your breath for the entire set.

What is the most common mistake with the 4 Corners Curtsy?

Starting far too hard and losing form as fatigue accumulates. The simplest correction is to settle into a repeatable rhythm you can hold for the full interval.

What can I do instead of the 4 Corners Curtsy?

Good substitutes that train the same abs pattern include Battle Rope Double Arm Slams, Ski Ergometer Cross Country Ski Alternating Arm Pull, and Wind Wipers. Pick whichever matches the equipment you have available.

How often should I do the 4 Corners Curtsy?

About 2x per week suits most people. Recovery, not frequency, is what limits progress.

About Training Your Abs

Where the 4 Corners Curtsy earns its place is repeatability — bodyweight makes the setup easy to reproduce, which is what lets you actually progress the abs.

The core is far more than a visible six-pack. It is a coordinated group of muscles that includes the rectus abdominis — the long muscle that creates the six-pack appearance and flexes the spine — the internal and external obliques on the sides that rotate and bend the torso, and the deep transverse abdominis that wraps around the midsection like a belt to stabilise the spine and protect the lower back.

Effective core training works all of these functions rather than relying on endless crunches. Flexion exercises such as crunches, sit-ups, and hanging leg raises target the rectus abdominis and are excellent for building visible abdominal muscle. Rotational and anti-rotation work such as Russian twists and cable woodchops develops the obliques and the ability to resist twisting forces. Bracing and isometric holds like the plank and its variations train the deep stabilisers that give you a strong, protected midsection during heavy lifts and everyday movement.

Because the core is involved in stabilising almost every compound lift, it already gets significant indirect work from squats, deadlifts, and overhead presses. Direct ab training a few times per week, with a mix of weighted flexion work in the 8 to 15 range and longer isometric holds, is enough for most people to build a strong, defined midsection. Adding resistance to ab exercises over time is just as important as it is for any other muscle.

The most important thing to understand about abs is that visibility is primarily a function of body-fat level, not the number of crunches you do. You can build thick, strong abdominal muscles, but they will only show when body fat is low enough, which is achieved through nutrition and overall training rather than spot reduction. There is no exercise that burns fat from the stomach specifically. Focus ab training on building and strengthening the muscles, and rely on a sensible diet and full-body activity to reveal them.

A strong core improves posture, protects the lower back, transfers force between the upper and lower body, and underpins performance in virtually every sport and lift. Train it deliberately using the popular core exercises below.

Popular Abs exercises:
Add to workout